Fuel vaporizer



Nov. 29, 1932. 1 M. FABBRO 1,889,648

FUEL VAPORIZER Filed Dec. l5, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Qulv LawATTORNEYS NOV. 29, L. M,..FABBRQ 1,889,648

FUEL'v'APoRIzER Filed Dec. 15, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I. .Mf'abbroINVENTOR ATTORNEY# Patented Nov. 29, 1932 miren stares earaar fom-*ICELOUIS M. FABBRO, or' CLEVELAND, omo, as sreivoa or ONE-#imm fro E. c.BALzHisER,

' or CLEVELAND, omo

FUEL varoazna Applcaton'led December 15, 1930. Serial No. 502,567.

rlhis invention relates to fuel supply systems for internal combustionengines and has for an object ythe provision of a fuel vaporiz'erforpreheatinv and vaporizing the liquid fuel and mixing the same with airso as to provide a proper fuel mixture for the engine.

Another object of theV invention is the provision of means forcontrolling the proportion of liquid fuel and air in accordance with thespeed of requirements of the engine.

Another obj ect of the invention is the provision of a vaporizer inwhich the liquid fuel and air supply, the vaporizer and thecontrollingmeans are included in a single unit7 15 so that the inventionmay be readily in-l stalled, and will occupy a minimum amount of space.y p A Vith the above andother objects in View, the invention furtherincludes the following novel features and details of construction, to behereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings and pointed out in the appended claims.

In' the drawings v Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of theinvention. l Y p Figure 2 is a section on the line2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a similar View on the line 3-1-3 of Figure '1. A I y Figuret is a. section on the linee-41; of 'Figure2-` Figures 5 and 6 aredetail sectional views taken respectively on the lines 5 5 and 6--6 ofFigure 1. y

Figure is a fragmentary view illustrat# ing a slightly modified form ofthe invention.

Referring to the drawings in detail where` -inlilie characters ofreference denote corresponding parts, the reference character'l()indicates Van outer casing which may be of any suitable size and shapeand which accommodates an inner casing 11. This inner casing is spacedfrom the outer casing and provides, together with the latter, a heatcirculating chamber 12 whiclrsurrounds the outside and top ofthe innercasing 171, while this innercasing provides a vaporizing chamber 13.`The bottom 14 serves as a bottom 50 for both Vthe outer and innercasings and this bottom carries an vannular flange 15 which extendsupward into the bottom of the vaporizing chamber so asto hold the innercasing 11 in position. The bottom 14 is also provided with an annularflange 16`which re- 5K5 ceivesthe outer casing and provides means i ofattachment thereto as indicated at 17.

The heat circulating chamber is provided with an' intake port 18 fromwhich extends a nipple 19 and. this nipple is adaptedfor 6G connectionwith a pipe 20for the purpose of conducting the exhaust gases'of theengine into the chambers-,An outlet port 21 is provided for thevaporizing chamber and a nipple 22extends from this port. 65,

Extending upward from vthe top ofthe outer casing 10lis a sleeve orcollar-23. This sleeve` or collar provides a mixingchamber 24 which iscut off fromthe heat circulating chamber 12.l They chamber v24 isprovided 70 with oppositely located airvintake ports 25 which areincommunication with an air conduit 26 controlled by a valve 27. Extendinginto the mixing chamber 24is'a nozzle 28 which' provides communicationbetween this 7:5 chamber and the vaporizing chamber 13, the dischargeend of the 'nozzle beingan appreciab'le distanceabove the ports125.`

Located within the vaporizing chamber 13 are V heat radiating drums 29which are in communication with.' the vheat circulating chamber k12thro-ugh the medium of short pipes `or nipples 30; Axially alignednipples 31 extend from 'the outer casing 10 and are closed by threadedcaps 32 so that vby re- 85 moving these caps access ymaybe had vto theinterior of the vdrums 29.

v Slidable .axially within the mixing cham# vloer 24betwe'enV thedischarge 'end `of the nozzle 28 and the 'air intake ports 25 is ahollow 90 valve 33. This valve operates over the nozzle 28 and for thispurpose is provided with an opening 34 whose walls cooperate with atapered nozzle 28 to cut off the supply of air from the mixing chamberor to lregulate the quantity ofvair admitted. This valve is operatedfrom a shaft 35 through the medium of cams 36 and springs 37, the lattersurroundingpins 38 which are vattached to the valve. By reference tothedrawings it will 100 be seen that the cams 36 act to force the valvedownward so as to cut olf or reduce the quantity of air admitted throughthe ports 25, while the springs 37 act to move the valve upward toincrease the amount of admitted air when the shaft 35 is rotated in onedirection. Movement of the shaft in opposite directions is controlledthrough the medium of adjustable stops 39 and an arm 40 mounted'upon theshaft 35. An arm 41 also secured to the shaft-35 provides means forconnection with a suitable operating lever for the purpose of rockingthe shaft 35. The mixing chamber is adapted for communication with theintake manifold ofthe engine'.y Y

Extending downwardly from the bottom 14 of the casing is a float chamber42 having a float controlled valve 43 to regulate the admission ofliquid fuel into the chamber, a pipe 44 extending from a suitable sourceof liquid fuel supply for this purpose. A pipe 45 extends from and is incommunication with the. float chamber and has extending therefromnozzles 46 and 47. These nozzles provide communication between the pipe45 and the vaporizing chamber. The amount of fuel passing through thenozzle 46 is controlled by a needle valve 48 which is adjusted to supplythe proper amount of liquid fuel for ordinary speed and loads. Y Thenozzle 47 is controlled by a needle valve 49 which is adjusted tonormally close the said nozzle and prevent thev passage of fuel. Thisneedle valve however is carried in a slidingly mounted sleeve 50 so thatby moving the valve aX- ially communication may be established betweenthe pipe 45 and the interior of the vaporizing chamber. A lever 51 whichis pivotally mounted as shown at 52, has one end pivotally secured tothe sleeve 50, while the opposite end of the lever has a pivotalconnection with a rod' 53. This rod is pivotally connected with an arm54 carried at one end of the shaft 35. The rod 53 is of sectionalformation and the sections are adjustably connected by means of acoupling 55 so that the length of the rod may be adjusted to regulatethe degree of opening of the needle valve 49. Opening movement of thevalve is yieldingly resisted by a spring 56. Y

Instead of having the valve 49 extend diametrically through the pipe 45,the said pipe 45 may be provided with a partition 57 having a port 58therein. This partition is located between the nozzles 46 and 47 and theport is controlled by a needle valve 59 which is threadedly adjustablein the sleeve 60. This sleeve is threadedly adjustable into the end ofthe pipe 45 and carries anarm 61 which extends diametrically therefromand its pivotal connection with the rod 53. The outer end of the sleeve60 is toothed as shown at 62 for engagement with the teeth on a collar63. This collar is slidable axially upon the Valve 59 and outwardsliding movement is yieldingly resisted by means of a spring 64 which islocated between the end of the collar and the finger piece 65 at theoutery end of the valve.

Normally the valve will be adjusted to close the port 58, and when theload or speed of the engine increases, this valve will be openedproportionate to the degree of opening of the valve 33.

Normally, fuel from the chamber 42 enters the vaporizing chamber throughthe injector nozzle 46 and as the valve 33 is partly open, the-upwardrush of air will create a vacuum or suction through the vaporizingchamber so as to draw this fuel upward. In its upward movement the rawfuel will strike the heat radiating drums 29 and the walls of the innercasing 11 and will be thoroughly broken up and vaporized. As thevaporized liquid fuel passes into the mixing chamber 24 it will be mixedwith air drawn inward through the ports 25, so that this fuel mixturewill be forced into the intake manifold and will enter the cylinders ofthe engine in a Ypreheated and thoroughly vaporized state.

When the load upon they engine or the speed is increased, the shaft 35will be rocked, which will simultaneously open the valve 33 and the.valve 49, so that both the liquid fuel and air supply will beincreased.

By arranging the air conduit 26 in the manner shown, air will also beheated before it is mixed with the liquid fuel vapor.

The invention is susceptible of various changes in its form, proportionsand minor details of construction and the right is herein reserved tomake such changes as properly fall within the scope of the appendedclaims.

Having described the invention what is claimed is 1. rA fuel vaporizercomprising spaced outer and inner casings forming a heat circulatingchamber therebetween coextensive with the sides and top thereof, meansfor conveyingV exhaust gases into the heat circulating chamber, meansfor delivering the ex# haust gases from said chamber, a mixing collarrising centrally from the outer casing and having an air conduit theretoand opening into the same at opposite sides thereof, a nozzle risingfrom the inner casing into the mixing collar, superposed heat drums inthe inner casing and opening into the heat circulating chamber, a hollowvalve slidable axially in the mixing collar between the end of thenozzle and the communication of the air conduit with said collar, andfloat valve controlled fuel inlet means communicating with the innercasing remote from the nozzle.

2. A fuel vaporizer comprising spaced outer and inner casings forming aheat circulating chamber therebetween coextensive with the sides and topthereof, means for conveying exhaust gases into the heat circulatingchamber, means for delivering the exhaust gases from said chamber, amixing collar rising contrally from the outer casing and having an airconduit thereto vand opening intothe same atopposite sides thereof,anozzle rising from the inner casing into the mixing collar, superposedheat drums inthe inner casing and opening into the heat CirculatingChamber, a hollow valve slidable axially in the mixing collar betweenthe end of the nozzle and the Communication of the air Conduit with saidcollar, float valve controlled fuel inlet means communicating with theinner casing remote from the nozzle, and a regulating valve for the fuelinlet means.

3. A fuel vaporizer comprising spaced outer and inner oasings forming aheat Voirculating chamber therebetween ooextensive with the sides andtop thereof, means for conveying exhaust gases into the heat circulatingchamber, means for delivering the exhaust gases from said chamber, amixing collar rising centrally from the outer casing and having an airconduit thereto and opening into the same at opposite sides thereof, anozzle rising from the inner casing into the mixing g collar, superposedheat drumsk in the inner casing and opening into the heat circulatingohamber, a hollow valve slidable axially in the mixing collar betweenthe end of the nozzle and the communication of the air conduit with saidcollar, float valve Controlled fuel inlet means communicating with theinner casing remote from the nozzle, a regulating valve for the fuelinlet means, and connections between the hollow valve and the last namedvalve.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature.

LOUIS M. FABBRO.

